英格麗絲的微笑
“英格麗絲的微笑”是泰祺教育打造的精品學(xué)科欄目之一，專注于考研英語（二）的鉆研。欄目定期分享泰祺英語教研組老師們對(duì)詞匯記憶、復(fù)習(xí)規(guī)劃、做題方法的心得，旨在幫助同學(xué)們梳理英語學(xué)科知識(shí)、掌握解題思路，從而更好地學(xué)習(xí)、提分。歡迎您持續(xù)關(guān)注英格麗絲的微笑，這里有：有料的知識(shí)、有趣的驚喜！
叮！英格麗絲的速遞到啦~同學(xué)們經(jīng)過八月份的洗禮，接觸了真真假假、難難易易的閱讀題型后，應(yīng)該都形成了一些自己的心得。今天著重梳理一下情感態(tài)度題的做題流程以及得分技巧。
情感態(tài)度題在六大題型中是公認(rèn)的容易得分的題型，有時(shí)甚至到了令人發(fā)指的“送分題”程度。所以大家要明確步驟，抓好方向，把2分收入囊中。
情感態(tài)度題的做題步驟如下四步：
1. 判斷態(tài)度題類別
全文態(tài)度題是作者對(duì)于全文中心對(duì)象的情感態(tài)度；
局部態(tài)度題是作者或其他人對(duì)某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)對(duì)象的情感態(tài)度。
2. 回原文定位
全文態(tài)度題需理解文章，看懂篇章邏輯變化，優(yōu)先看末段；
局部態(tài)度題以題干中的定位詞回原文定位的范圍為主。
3. 找情感色彩詞
優(yōu)先在上步驟范圍中尋找形容詞，副詞，然后是名詞，動(dòng)詞。
4. 選項(xiàng)定乾坤
選項(xiàng)方向與原文方向保持一致
接下來我們以2010年Text 3中的態(tài)度題為例來作進(jìn)一步實(shí)踐。
35. The author's attitude toward the influence of advertisement on people's habits is .
[A] indifferent
[B] negative
[C] positive
[D] biased
涉及段落：
Through experiments and observation, social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising. As this new science of habit has emerged, controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.
這道態(tài)度題根據(jù)對(duì)象為“廣告對(duì)人們習(xí)慣的影響”，可判斷出為局部的態(tài)度題，然后我們定位回了最后一段的As this new science of habit has emerged, …這一句。在這一句中我們可以找到“unhealthy, questionable”這些貶義詞（負(fù)向詞），所以我們對(duì)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行選擇時(shí)就要選擇貶義。
A選項(xiàng)“漠不關(guān)心的”為中性詞；B選項(xiàng)“消極的”為貶義詞；C選項(xiàng)“積極的”為褒義詞；D選項(xiàng)“有偏見的”為貶義詞，那么就形成了B、D中二選一。而D選項(xiàng)“有偏見的”意味著命題組認(rèn)為作者的觀點(diǎn)有偏見，這樣的文章是不會(huì)成為考試材料的，所以我們選擇B。
解題技巧：
1. 首先觀察四個(gè)選項(xiàng)， B和C兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)positive和negative是一組對(duì)立詞，根據(jù)“對(duì)立基本有解”的原則，初步判斷答案出在兩者之中，再根據(jù)回原文找到的情感色彩詞，最終確認(rèn)答案為B。
2. 同樣首先觀察四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，從另一個(gè)角度出發(fā)（常見可以成為正確選項(xiàng)的態(tài)度詞），可以先把A和D排除在外，然后根據(jù)定位最后確認(rèn)B。
再來剖析下2011年Text 1中的態(tài)度題：
25. The author’s attitude toward the role of outside directors is .
[A] permissive
[B] positive
[C] scornful
[D] critical
涉及段落：
Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firm’s board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executive’s proposals. If the sky, and the share price is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.（第二段）
But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives. Otherwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms. Simmons, once again very popular on campus.（尾段）
這道態(tài)度題根據(jù)對(duì)象為“外部董事的角色”，可判斷出為全文態(tài)度題，然后由最后一段中的Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives以及第二段的首句Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firm’s board找到了一些褒義詞“create, helpful”所以我們對(duì)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行選擇時(shí)就要選擇褒義詞。
A選項(xiàng)“縱容的”為褒義詞；B選項(xiàng)“積極的”為褒義詞；C選項(xiàng)“蔑視的”為貶義詞；D選項(xiàng)“批判的”為貶義詞，那么就形成了A、B中二選一。而A選項(xiàng)“縱容的”意味著這篇文章的主題三觀不正，這樣的文章顯然也不會(huì)成為考試材料的，所以我們選擇B。
解題技巧：
首先觀察四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，通過常見可以成為正確選項(xiàng)的態(tài)度詞，可以先把A和C排除在外，然后根據(jù)褒義詞最后確認(rèn)B。
有的同學(xué)可能有疑問，什么是常見可以成為正確選項(xiàng)的態(tài)度詞呢？我在這里給大家列了一些，例如：
常見中性詞：objective等
常見貶義詞：negative, critical等
另外，對(duì)應(yīng)“黑名單”選項(xiàng)也給大家參考，避免“誤入歧途”。
墓碑褒義詞：permissive
墓碑中性詞：neutral, indifferent, detached, impersonal, uninterested
墓碑貶義詞：biased, prejudiced, confused, scared, suspicious
